Translation and analysis of words by ChatGPT artificial intelligence
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Kauffman White classification - translation to arabic
![Ancient Macedonian]] cavalry of [[Alexander the Great]] fighting [[Achaemenid Persia]]ns under [[Darius III]] at the [[Battle of Issus]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alexandermosaic.jpg?width=200 "Ancient Macedonian]] cavalry of [[Alexander the Great]] fighting [[Achaemenid Persia]]ns under [[Darius III]] at the [[Battle of Issus]]")
![The Georgian female skull [[Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]] discovered in 1795, which he used to hypothesize origination of Europeans from the [[Caucasus]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Georgierin.png?width=200 "The Georgian female skull [[Johann Friedrich Blumenbach]] discovered in 1795, which he used to hypothesize origination of Europeans from the [[Caucasus]].")
![Egyptian]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Races2.jpg?width=200 "Egyptian]].")
![website=electronic magazine Imágenes of the Institute of Aesthetic Research of the [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]]}}</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Retrato de familia Fagoga Arozqueta - Anónimo ca.1730.jpg?width=200 "website=electronic magazine Imágenes of the Institute of Aesthetic Research of the [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]]}}</ref>")
![Henry Strickland Constable's illustration in the nineteenth century which shows an alleged similarity between "[[Irish Iberian]]" and "Negro" features in contrast to the higher "Anglo-Teutonic"](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Scientific racism irish.jpg?width=200 "Henry Strickland Constable's illustration in the nineteenth century which shows an alleged similarity between \"[[Irish Iberian]]\" and \"Negro\" features in contrast to the higher \"Anglo-Teutonic\"")
Definition
Wikipedia
The Kauffmann–White classification or Kauffmann and White classification scheme is a system that classifies the genus Salmonella into serotypes, based on surface antigens. It is named after Philip Bruce White and Fritz Kauffmann. First the "O" antigen type is determined based on oligosaccharides associated with lipopolysaccharide. Then the "H" antigen is determined based on flagellar proteins (H is short for the German Hauch meaning "breath" or "mist"; O stands for German ohne meaning "without"). Since Salmonella typically exhibit phase variation between two motile phenotypes, different "H" antigens may be expressed. Salmonella that can express only one "H" antigen phase consequently have motile and non-motile phenotypes and are termed monophasic, whilst isolates that lack any "H" antigen expression are termed non-motile. Pathogenic strains of Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Paratyphi C, and Salmonella Dublin carry the capsular "Vi" antigen (Vi for virulence), which is a special subtype of the capsule's K antigen (from the German word Kapsel meaning capsule).
